Lynne Kelly – Science Writer

Lynne Kelly – photo: Abigail Heitbaum

In the 2022 Australia Day Honours, I was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for “significant achievement in science education through writing and research”.

I am the author of 20 books, all with a focus on science. I was a teacher for over 40 years and loved my time in the classroom, mainly because I always had such wonderful students. Mostly I taught Physics, Mathematics, Information Technology and General Science. Although my focus was on senior secondary years, I have taught classes from year 3 to tertiary level.

Since completing my doctorate over a decade ago, I have been a full time academic and author. I took out the Senior (over 60) Australian Memory Champion title in 2017 and 2018 and still hold the title.

I have written 10 books for education and a Young Adult novel and numerous articles. I wrote a number of science titles for a general adult audience before returning to university and completing my PhD on Indigenous memory systems and the application to archaeology. That was not my original topic, but once I stumbled across the vast amount of scientific and cultural knowledge stored in memory by Indigenous cultures, I asked the question which changed my life: how the hell do Indigenous elders remember so much stuff?

The Knowledge Gene, my new book, offers scientific evidence for what so many people already know instinctively: that art, music, performance, story and our connection to our surroundings are fundamental to be human. But it goes even further to show that these ancient, innate, universal and uniquely human skills have been fundamental to human culture for at least 70,000 years and are critical in storing information in a way no other species can manage. 

Evolution had a very good reason for keeping a gene that enhanced these skills, despite the tragic disorder it introduces. And it also had very good reasons for ensuring all human populations involve neurodiverse thinkers – those with autism, dyslexia, ADHD, aphantasia among many diversities.

An academic monograph of my doctoral research was published by Cambridge University Press.  Knowledge and Power in Prehistoric Societies  gives the full academic justification for my theories about indigenous memory systems and archaeology.

The following four books all became bestsellers in Australia: The Memory Code, Memory Craft, Songlines: the power and promise and Songlines for Younger Readers.

I wrote The Memory Code to share these ideas with a general audience.  I explored the necessity of memory methods to prehistoric cultures. This offers radical new interpretations for their ancient monuments such as Stonehenge, the Nasca Lines and the moai of Easter Island. It is published in Australia by Allen & Unwin, by Atlantic Books in the UK , Pegasus Books in the US and as an audio book by Audible. It is now available in Traditional Chinese (Good Publishing Co., for Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau) and Czech (Anag Spol). It is translated into Simplified Chinese for Mainland China (China Worker Publishing House).

In Memory Craft, I look at how all these techniques can be applied in every day life in contemporary society, including the implications for education and ageing. These are memory methods everyone can use – and there are lots of them! It is published in Australia by Allen & Unwin, the US by Pegasus Books and in audio by Wavesound. It is now in Russian (Portal, imprint of Labirint Holding). Memory Craft is currently being translated into Simplified Chinese for Mainland China (Cheers Publishing Company).

Wavesound Audiobook listeners – these are the images from MEMORY CRAFT: The PDF for the images can be dowloaded here.

I practice all the memory methods discussed to ensure I really understand how they work. Given my pathetically poor natural memory, I am constantly shocked by how effective they can be. Through working on my 40 memory experiments, I am committing vast amounts of information to memory.

In Memory Craft I talk about the two memory aids I use daily, The Bestiary for memorising names and anything using words. I use The Visual Alphabet for anything which needs sequence, such as a speech, shopping list, to-do list or my bird list when out in the field. The images for the Visual Alphabet and the first two pages of the Bestiary are in Memory Craft. I have now published the full Bestiary along with the Visual Alphabet as a pdf file, free from this site.

Grounded: Indigenous Knowing in a Concrete Reality is an academic essay on Indigenous knowledge systems and the implications for education.

My previous books include the popular science titles of Spiders: learning to love them and Crocodile. My lighthearted scientific analysis of pseudoscientific claims, The Skeptic’s Guide to the Paranormal is published in The US (Basic Books), Australia (Allen & Unwin) and translated into Russian. I have one novel published, Avenging Janie, and ten books for education.

<>My TEDxMelbourne talk on The Memory Code can be found by clicking on the image.

I have ventured into the world of memory athletes. Competing in the 2017 and 2018 Australian Memory Competitions, I took out the Australian Senior Memory Champion title for both events. 

With a background in engineering, physics, mathematics, information technology and gifted education, I have spent decades in teaching. A full Curriculum Vitae can be found here.

SaveSaveSaveSaveSaveSave

SaveSaveMy current research focus is the application of these mnemonic technologies in four areas:

1. Education – Indigenous memory systems are being included in formal curriculum at high school and university level, with ongoing research projects investigating the potential.

2. Extending the implications of understanding the knowledge systems of oral cultures across the world and as far back in time as I can find the archaeology.

3. The use of memory techniques for learning foreign languages, in particular comparing the differences in implementation for French and Chinese (Mandarin).

4. Exploring the applications of art for knowledge sake. I have so many projects started before The Knowledge Gene, that I am delighted to be back pursuing them with passion.

5. Despite no longer competing formally, I continue to follow Memory Sports closely, especially through Memory League, training only to compete against myself and maintain the skills which earned me the title of Australian Senior Memory Champion in 2017 and 2018

6. Collaborations: with First Nations colleagues in Australia and the US to further my understanding. I am also collaborating with academics in Australia in formal research and writing projects.

7. Continuing the collaborations and research into neurodiversity as highlighted in The Knowledge Gene. My focus is on the evolutionary value of the strengths for communal knowing, especially when used in combination to serve the population as a whole.

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162 comments

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    • Lucas Gagneten on April 15, 2025 at 8:43 am
    • Reply

    Ms. Kelly,

    I am looking for the best method to memorize birds. In Argentina, we have more than 1,000 bird species.

    In your book “Memory Craft”, you have used the lukasa to memorize more than 400 birds. However, you also mention other equally useful methods for this task.

    After having experimented with many memorization techniques, do you think the lukasa is the best option for remembering birds? Or do you believe that another method mentioned in the book might be more effective?

    For example, the khipu seems to be more flexible and scalable for a large number of birds. Or perhaps a combination of the khipu with the string of beads method could make it more memorable.

    What do you suggest?

    Thank you very much! Best regards,

    Lucas

    1. Hi Lucas,

      Thank you for your message. I think the lukasa works really well – and would work far better if you designed it first to match what you are trying to memorise. Given the huge number of birds (how wonderful!) I would probably use a set of lukasa – one for the raptors, one for the passerines, one for the waterbirds and so on. On mine, I attach families to the beads and then stories for the species. I would probably now include more beads for the large families, so I had species physically there.

      The alternative for me would be a memory palace. I have tried that for birds as well and it works really well.

      I have tried a khipu, and loved it, but it soon became very messy to handle and got tangled. That could be because the threads I was using for the cords was too soft. I would imagine trying to do 1,000 species on a khipu could get very tangled. I also don’t find it as visual – I think that it is more a device that you need to have with you. I don’t take my lukasa with me because I don’t need to. It is in memory.

      So I would choose between a set of lukasas (technically, the plural is nkasa) or a memory palace.

      In lukasa workshops, I also find that the more small objects on offer, the more variable the lukasa becomes. So buttons, small decorative items, little bits of chains from jewellery … other than just beads makes it look way more variable. Taking time to choose the beads / objects to suit each family or species and arrange them carefully also makes it way more effective.

      Have fun!

      Lynne

    • Kate on April 14, 2025 at 11:31 am
    • Reply

    Dear Lynne, I would like permission to use Chapter 5 as a case study for Year 12 Psychology to address syllabus points relating to memory, neural plasticity, semantic encoding and elaborative rehearsal, and mnemonic devices.

    My aim is to support the learning of students with these powerful examples, and embed First Nations perspectives into our Psychology course in Western Australia.

    I have also contacted coauthor Margo Neale and the publisher, Thames & Hudson, for permission.

    1. Hi Kate,

      I would be delighted to see any of my work included in any education setting. I will reply to your email as well. I cannot give permission for photocopying an entire chapter, though. That must come from the publisher.

      Are you aware that I have recorded resource material for this aspect for the VCE Psychology course? It is freely available. You will find it here under Unit 3:

      https://www.vcaa.vic.edu.au/professional-learning-programs/vce/vce-psychology

      I’ll change to email.

      Lynne

    • Bron Ballantyne on April 4, 2025 at 6:41 pm
    • Reply

    Hi Lynne,

    I cannot thank you enough for your book The Knowledge Gene. It was hard to put the book down.

    I was reading it because I’m fascinated with Songlines and history. I loved that part of the book.

    However, one of our children (not biologically related to me) has NF1. Her biological mother passed away due to the tumours turning malignant.

    It was like reading a journal about her personality and made so many things about her make sense.

    I cannnot thank you enough.

    Kind regards
    Bronwin

    1. Hi Bronwin,

      Thank you so much for writing. Your comment is very rewarding and I appreciate it hugely. All the very best for the future for your child with NF1.

      sincerely,

      Lynne

    • Ken Wilson on April 3, 2025 at 4:39 pm
    • Reply

    Hi Lynne,
    I sent this email to your LaTrobe university address before it dawned on me to use your personal website. Here is the email:

    Dear Dr Kelly,

    I hope this message finds you well.

    I am writing on behalf of U3A Deepdene to invite you warmly to speak to our group. We would be absolutely delighted to host you, and we would welcome a talk on any topic you would like to present. That said, given your expertise, we would be particularly interested if you were willing to share some insights into the challenges of maintaining memory as we age — a subject of great relevance to our members.

    U3A, the University of the Third Age, is a not-for-profit, volunteer-run community organisation that encourages mature-age individuals (‘golden oldies’) to stay engaged, active, and connected through learning. Our members come from all walks of life, and we share a deep curiosity about the world and a love of lifelong learning.

    Our invited speaker sessions are held on Thursdays from 12 noon to 1:15 pm and are conducted via Zoom, allowing for easy participation and interaction by both speakers and participants. We regularly have around 100 participants to our sessions. We currently have speaking opportunities available in late July and late August, and we would be delighted to accommodate a date that works for you.

    I recently finished reading your brilliant book The Knowledge Gene, which I found deeply thought-provoking and thoroughly inspiring. It prompted me to immediately buy two of your other books: The Memory Code, and Memory Craft. Our members would be thrilled to hear from you directly more about the ideas you explore in your research.

    Thank you for considering our invitation. We look forward to the possibility of welcoming you to U3A Deepdene.

    Warm regards,
    Dr. Ken Wilson

    1. Thank you, Ken! I received the email and we are now in contact. I look forward to talking with Deepdene U3A!

      Lynne

    • robert on March 26, 2025 at 8:30 am
    • Reply

    You left out the wondering spider that is very quick and has killed tarantula hawks as well you stated two areas in ur book that spiders defend them selves from such attacks spitting and cartwheels down sand dunes there has also been times were black widows capture them as well, these tarantula hawks.

    THE ENEMIES OF SPIDERS

    1. Thank you, Robert. So much mroe about spiders I’d love to add. Incredible creatures.

  1. Hi Lynne, I’ve benefitted from reading and listening to some of your books and hearing you interviewed. Thanks! I’ve been experimenting with the techniques in a school setting as well as in my own practice. Here’s a substack post that I wanted to share with you since I’ve really benefited from your ideas and framing about memory techniques. https://open.substack.com/pub/benmorgan/p/truly-disruptive-technology-ancient?r=c8dc5&utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=web&showWelcomeOnShare=false

    I’m thinking I will keep writing on this substack about my experimentation/ use of memory techniques in school setting if you’re interested in sharing reactions/ thoughts/ or seeing just some appreciation for your work.

    1. That’s fantastic, Ben. I would like to share and look forward to more. I’ll point to it on Facebook and BlueSky.

      Lynne

    • Chris Keenihan on February 27, 2025 at 3:26 pm
    • Reply

    Hi Lynne,

    I enjoyed your book “the Knowledge Gene”.

    I have just read “Sapiens A brief History of Mankind” Harari. {2011} there are some interesting parallels.

    The section that discussed Autism and its earl role in mankind’s progress to where we are today is interesting.

    We have a severely intellectually disabled adult daughter, her Perception skills are very highly developed.

    Unfortunately in this Digital Age she is at a disadvantage.

    I have worked with Aboriginal people for many years visited up to 300 Communities, travelled and camped in the desert on many occasions with them. Thus I enjoyed your perspective on them, yes they have great memories and I believe exceptional sight. Like yourself I have been fortunate to visit sites with Elders, I considered it a privilege.

    I have kept my comments brief.

    regards

    Chris

    1. Thank you so much, Chris, for taking the time to comment and add such valuable insights. I really appreciate it! I loved Sapiens, and particularly love the way it translated into the three graphic format volumes.

      All the very best with your daughter and dealing with such a challenging situation.

      sincerely,

      Lynne

    • Shaun McCord on January 20, 2025 at 10:19 pm
    • Reply

    Hi Ms. Kelly, I hope you are doing well! I am currently reading your book “Memory Craft” and I am loving it! I do have a question: When creating the images for association in your mind, is it ok to write them down in case you, for whatever reason, you forget them? Thank you for your time!

    1. Absolutely, Shaun. I have written copies of nearly everything – there is no need to stop using writing – just use your memory as well!

      Hope that helps!

      Lynne

    • Solal Lavina on November 26, 2024 at 2:39 am
    • Reply

    Hello Ms. Kelly,
    I read on wikipedia you use mnenomic techniques such as a mind palace despite having aphantasia. I have total aphantasia (lack of mind’s eye, ear, nose, skin, etc.) and thus cannot use any sensory-reliant mnemonics. Total aphantasia affects my memory quite a lot: I have SDAM (Severely Deficient Autobiographic Memory), and aphantasia comes with a number of quirks, most of them negative. Any ideas on how I could improve my memory?

    1. Hi Solal,

      Thank you for your comment. I do use mnemonic techniques all the time and have aphantasia. I also have SDAM – so my past is mostly a total blank.

      I don’t find it all a negative and can use all the memory techniques. I just rely on story and logic rather than images. It all still works. I wrote my book, Memory Craft, before I knew that I had aphantasia, so everything in that works. It is just that when I wrote about ‘images’ I was speaking metaphorically – I didn’t realise most people actually have images.

      I have written more about aphantasia here:

      https://www.lynnekelly.com.au/?page_id=4236

      I have gone from a really bad natural memory to being able to use memory training to memorise almost anything.

      I hope that helps!

      Lynne

    • Riya Pradhan on November 17, 2024 at 4:34 pm
    • Reply

    Dear Madam

    I am Riya Pradhan, a graduate research student pursuing an MS in Kinesiology (Exercise Physiology) at the University of Texas, Austin, US.

    As part of my master’s Research, I am conducting research on Memory Athletes, especially the impact of aging on performance.

    Considering your participation in the Memory Championship Events and active involvement in this field over the years, I am contacting you to solicit some guidance/advice in a few areas related to my research. This will significantly enrich my research findings.

    Thanks in anticipation.

    Kind Regards
    Riya Pradhan
    Email: riyapradhan@utexas.edu
    LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/riya-pradhan-604030130

    1. Hi Riya,

      Thank you for making contact. I don’t think that I am much use. I did compete as a ‘Senior’ – over 60, and took out the Australian title for Seniors twice. But entering two years in a row, and never since, does not give you any useful data on changes. I am sorry. I have not done any research into the impact of ageing, and only have my own anecdotes. I would not consider myself a memory athlete given the numerous competitors at a much higher level than me and doing so for many years.

      I know that Boris Konrad has done research into memory sports and into ageing – he is a neuroscientist. You may well already be familiar with his work: https://www.boriskonrad.com/aboutboris

      Boris worked with Martin Dresler, a cognitive neuroscientist at Radboud University Medical Center in The Netherlands. So they have formal research which is of more use to you as an academic than my anecdotes.

      I wish you all the best in your research. It is an interesting topic!

      Lynne

    • Lynsey Ferrari on September 26, 2024 at 8:55 am
    • Reply

    Kia ora from New Zealand Lynne. I loved your interview with Kathryn Ryan on National Radio this week. For me it was full of “Aha” moments. The early books of The Old Testament seemed to contain great chains of ‘begats’. As a kid I wondered how they knew who begat whom way back then. Now I think I have a clue, and am determined to read your latest book. Your thoughts about neurodiversity and creativity make very good sense to me. Thinking of our differences as skill sets, actual or potential, is another way of opening ourselves to others, fostering curiosity. You have done us all a great favour. Thank you.
    Lynsey

      • lynne on September 26, 2024 at 10:06 am
        Author
      • Reply

      Hi Lynsey,

      Thank you so much for this comment – I really appreciate it. I think the Maori understanding of genealogies is probably one of the best insights into all the ‘begats’. It is so good to be able to talk with our near neighbours, especially via Kathryn Ryan who is one of the best interviewers I have had the pleasure to talk to.

      Thank you!
      Lynne

      I do hope that you enjoy The Knowledge Gene.

  2. Kia ora Lynne

    Stephen Templer here Artist and Illustrator from NZ
    I’m listening to your interview on National Radio nine to noon fascinating.
    I’m an Artist and storyteller very interested in mythology.
    I would love to collaborate with you, one day.
    Fascinating work. Thanks
    Instagram : @the_real_steveyt

      • lynne on September 25, 2024 at 11:49 am
        Author
      • Reply

      Thank you so much for taking the time to send this comment, Steve. It is lovely to be talking with New Zealanders.

      I can be contacted by email at lynne @ lynnekelly.com.au without the spaces. Artists and storytellers have been key to human adaptation and knowledge for as long back as we can trace human culture.

  3. I wanted to express my gratitude for sharing your personal experiences with mnemonics in Memory Craft. It fills me with so much hope and excitement knowing that I can now approach learning in a way that feels so intuitive, yet I had never realized before. Reflecting on how much I’ve missed out on because I didn’t know about these techniques is bittersweet, but moving forward, that won’t be the case. Thank you for your time and effort—your work truly makes a difference, and I hope it brings you encouragement!

    1. Thank you so much for sending such a lovely comment, Yvonne. It is comments like this that give me a real buzz and make all the work worthwhile.

      Lynne

    • John Anderson on June 28, 2024 at 9:48 pm
    • Reply

    Hello Lynne.
    I bought your book “The Memory Code” after seeing your lecture given at the now defunct “Mordy Sceptics”. It was a marvellous read & very revealing about how humans work.
    I was wondering if you had joined the Australian Humanist group. I am a member & I notice that most of the others are ex teachers & tertiary lecturers which makes me feel a bit like an outsider (I currently work as a delivery driver) but with your background I think you would fit in quite well. We are always looking for more members. I have found it to be a very rewarding group to be part of.
    If you are not a member already, we hope you & your partner might consider joining.
    With regards from
    John Anderson

    1. Hi John,

      Thank you for your lovely comments and invitation. Since ‘The Memory Code’, I have published three more books and my newest ‘The Knowledge Gene’ comes out early September. I have so many commitments at the moment that there are no more minutes for a new group. I am pleased that you enjoy the group and am sure that your occupation makes no difference to your ability to participate and contribute.

      Thank you so much for the invitation but I can’t see any chance of finding more time in the foreseeable future.

      Lynne

    1. Thank you, William. I have been pointed to these objects many times by readers of The Memory Code. Until now, I have always said that it is too regular and difficult to index to be a memory device. But the article you have sent is making me reconsider given all other possibilities seem to have been exhausted. I wonder if something was in the openings which made it suitable.

      Thank you – I must revisit these devices and see if maybe I was too hasty in dismissing them.

      sincerely,

      Lynne

    • Don Smith on December 18, 2023 at 3:36 am
    • Reply

    Ms. Kelly,
    I recently discovered that my son has Aphantasia. He is nine. He has a great recall, especially when spelling or remembering funny things that happened. My question for you is how do I help him memorize when he can’t picture things in his head? I ask him how he memorized and recalls things, his response is, “I just do”. Please help me understand your process better so I can help him. Thank you!
    Sincerely,
    Don Smith

    1. Hi Don,

      My methods have been analysed by researchers studying aphantasia because they thought that we can’t do memory palaces and suchlike. It seems that I use story and logical connections way more than people with visual memory. I have a concept of objects and places, just not actual images. I also have very little memory of past events unless they make stories. So I know what things look like and can make connections, but not if that requires any detail in the image. So my memory palace locations tend to be single aspect of the location and I add to that using story rather than implanting an image.

      The more imaginary friends I have – characters which help me with the stories, such as in my bestiaries – the easier it gets. I wrote Memory Craft before I knew I had aphantasia. I was talking metaphors when others are talking actual images. I only talked about one bestiary there, but I use three different ones every day – the one in the book, and then another two for French and Chinese vocabulary. I couldn’t remember vocabulary without them! All the methods in Memory Craft still all work with aphantasia.

      So I would check with your son whether he is making logical connections. Mind you, self-reflection on thinking methods at 9 is asking a lot of him! Just don’t worry – he’ll develop his own methods. Except for reading novels – I always have to make a character list or I forget who is who because I don’t have an image of the character. If he is like me, he may also have trouble with audio memories – so I am really bad at identifying tunes.

      Delighted that he is good at spelling. That is unusual with aphantasia because we don’t tend to be able to picture the words. But most of us can spell most words, so we are doing something to compensate. The research is still so new!

      But most things work the same.

      All the best!

      Lynne

    • Ofelia Svart on October 31, 2023 at 5:05 am
    • Reply

    I came across mention of your book “Spiders: learning to love them” and immediately thought, aha, just what my two kids would love. I cannot find any place that has them in stock! Is it still in print?

    Many thanks.

    1. Hi Ofelia,

      I am so sorry to take so long to reply. I get so much spam, that sometimes I miss a real comment.

      Yes, Spiders is still in print. Amazon.com.au has a copy:

      https://www.amazon.com.au/Spiders-Learning-love-Lynne-Kelly/dp/1741751799/ref=sr_1_8?crid=11I8TP21N2XPH&keywords=Lynne+Kelly&qid=1699945303&sprefix=lynne+kel%2Caps%2C326&sr=8-8

      I don’t know if you are in Australia or not, but it may not still be in real bookshops because it isn’t a recent book.

      Hope that helps!

      Lynne

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